Eight hundred square metres of “dream landscape”, where it is the visitors that create the works of art. With these words, Daan Roosegaarde – Dutch artist, architect and inventive genius based in Rotterdam – introduces “Presence”, his first large-scale exhibition that opened on 22 June in Groningen, 150 km north of Amsterdam. “The greatest challenge was to dominate the technology in such a way as to bring out the poetry”, he explained. Therefore there are no dimmers, cables, screens or projections. No special effects or spectacular installations. The only source of wonder is a slender beam of light in the darkness. Innovative materials and principles of physics are the only ingredients of the installations, the result of close collaboration between the designer and engineers. The exhibition is the result of three years of work, which saw the Rotterdam studio involved in design, research, testing and prototypes, and presents a concept that is radically new from a number of points of view. The first revolution with respect to a traditional exhibition layout is that without visitors, the exhibition does not work. It is activated by the presence of people. By moving within the five rooms and, above all, by having an open, curious and active attitude, the visitors become the authors of the works.
Presence, the exhibition by Daan Roosegaarde, is a call to action to save the planet
At the Groninger Museum, the Dutch artist has opened an exhibition that activates with the presence and interaction of the public. Beginning with the concept of ecological footprint, five installations reveal the impact of human beings on the planet.
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- Elena Sommariva
- 24 June 2019
- Groninger Museum
- Daan Roosegaarde
- 800 mq
- Mostra
The first revolution with respect to a traditional exhibition layout is that without visitors, the exhibition does not work.
“Presence” has another no-less important social meaning. The exhibition, curated by Mark Wilson and Sue-an van der Zijpp, is inspired by the concept of the ecological foot print and climate change. Each room shows the impact that every one of us has on the world that surrounds us, the mark that each of us leaves behind. “This exhibition”, explains Roosegaarde “is a call to action”. The aim is to reveal in a tangible and absorbing way the impact of the presence of human beings on the planet. During the exhibition, visitors are repeatedly invited to leave a trace, but also to reflect on these traces.
There is total freedom. The only sign is to be found at the beginning of the exhibition, and it was designed by the Dutch firm: it shows an open palm, indicating “Please touch”. Accompanied by a short introductory text, it is the only indication for the visit that follows. Even the signs marking the emergency exits have been eliminated. They were too bright for the entirely photo-sensitive rooms.
From the first room, where a beam of light scans people, visitors pass to a kind of camera obscura, where people are observed and photographed by the work, and not - as is usually the case - the reverse. The fun begins in the third room. The floor is covered with thousands of extremely light micro-spheres made of a biodegradable polymer coated in a photoluminescent substance and held in place by fans set on the walls. Is it an alien landscape or a playground? In both cases, its form depends on us. The fourth room is invaded with giant photoluminescent globes that react on contact and show our handprints, but the last room is the real play area. Around thirty luminous balls - kicked, pushed and accompanied - create a beautiful light landscape on a completely photosensitive floor.
“There are no passengers on spaceship earth. We are all crew”. The famous phrase by Marshall McLuhan, used by Roosegaarde on various occasions in his conferences, concludes and sums up the essence of the exhibition.
It is the first time that the artist – known for his audacious projects in public urban space, such as the smog-eating tower (Smog Free Tower in Beijing), a luminous cycle path (the Van Gogh Path in Nuenen, the birthplace of the painter), an installation made of 60 backlit buildings that are illuminated by the headlights of passing cars (Gates of Light, at the entrance to the town of Afsluitdijk) – takes on an internal space.
“Some rooms seem to have been designed for future life on another planet. It takes me back to the sixties and seventies, when groups such as Archigram, Superstudio and Smithson tried to imagine what shape the future would take. I hope that this exhibition recreates that desire”, explains Roosegaarde.
There are no passengers on spaceship earth. We are all crew. The famous phrase by Marshall McLuhan concludes and sums up the essence of the exhibition.
Such a tactile exhibition also creates a number of practical challenges, as everything needs to be continuously cleaned. “This reminds me of Gerrit Rietveld”, Roosegaarde continues, “When he designed his house in Utrecht, all yellow, red and blue, he realised that the yellow door handle to the kitchen quickly got dirty, and so he repainted it blue. But by doing so, he changed the entire composition. If one is practical, but in an extreme manner, then practicality becomes poetry. Once the exhibition is over, we can create new rooms based on what we have learned from the reaction of the visitors”.
Was it difficult to convince the museum to invest on such an unusual exhibition? He is quick to answer: “The Groninger Museum, due to is decentralised position with respect to Amsterdam, needs to make radical statements. It has a long history of bold exhibitions. The David Bowie exhibition, for example, was created here, to then move to the V&A in London. This is why they always allow particular freedom. This exhibition would never have been possible in any other museum”.
- Daan Roosegaarde. Presence
- 22 June 2019 – 12 January 2020
- Mark Wilson, Sue-an van der Zijpp
- Groninger Museum
- Museumeiland 1, Groningen
- Felix Kops
In the first room, blue light appears to be scanning the space and the visitors continuously, like a copier. Whenever the light is blocked, it leaves prints or traces on the light-sensitive oor.
The grid pattern with massive rectangular blocks in the rst room is inspired by paintings by Mondrian and the austere layout of the Dutch landscape. Blue light appears to be scanning the space and the visitors continuously, like a copier. Whenever the light is blocked, it leaves prints or traces on the light-sensitive floor.
Daan Roosegaarde in the “scan room”
Detail of the scan room
Loosely inspired by the mini- malism of light artist James Turrell, this work comprises nothing but the visitors and the room, with the room taking pictures of the visitors rather than the other way around.
To avoid reducing people to brains with eyes, “Presence” works with basic physical principles rather than with screens or sensors. The body as a whole functions as an interface between visitors and the world and all of their senses as well as sensorimotor capacities are involved.
Looking, feeling, hiding, rolling, pushing, sitting or, if push comes to shove, lying down are all within the bounds of possibility.
The room that visitors may well experience as the most demanding is completely empty, like a white cube. Loosely inspired by the minimalism of light artist James Turrell, this work comprises nothing but the visitors and the room, with the room taking pictures of the visitors rather than the other way around.
The second room is a bit like a dark room. Walls and floor are photosensitive and a flash, which is triggered at regular intervals, prints the image of the visitors.
The second room is a bit like a dark room, where walls and floor are photosensitive. It shows very directly that we have a relationship with the world around us.
The second room is a large empty room where, at regular intervals, there is a flash that impresses you, or your trace, on photosensitive walls or floor.
Daan Roosegaarde in the second room, which acts like a darkroom.
In the third room, the wind gives shape to an installation of very light micro-balls that cover the floor. They are made from a biodegradable polymer coated with a photoluminescent substance.
The third room might look like the landscape from another planet. It is a landscape constantly changing, because its shape depends on the actions of visitors.
In the third room, the floor is covered by thousands of micro-balls made of a biodegradable polymer coated with a photoluminescent substance.
In the third room, the floor is covered by thousands of micro-balls made of a biodegradable polymer coated with a photoluminescent substance.
Daan Roosegaarde explains: “This installation required two years of work and several prototypes, engineering, research on materials. We wanted to create something intimate and personal. High-tech but also human. We worked with the idea of creating a landscape, a map of the world yet to be discovered. Is it a landscape of Mars or is it just a playground? There are different levels of reading. And while we worked on it, poetry came”.
In the third room is the wind that gives shape to thousands of very light micro-balls covering the floor. They are made from a biodegradable polymer coated with a photoluminescent substance.
Large photoluminescent spheres dominate the fourth room, the color “loads” them and shows our imprint.
The fourth space contains spherical objects and behaves like a kind of freestyle planetarium in which visitors can build their own solar system.
Presence can also be understood as an unex- pected and exciting means to shake up and enlarge the framework in which people’s activities and thoughts take place, even if it’s only for
a little while.
Daan Roosegaarde knows that he can raise people’s awareness by immersing them in visualizations and stories that touch them emotionally and make them realize how precious and vulnerable the earth and therefore they themselves are.
Another important artistic in uence was the land and environmental art of the 1960s and 1970s, for example that of Michael Heizer, Walter De Maria and Robert Smithson.
In the last room, the so-called Lolas are little transparent spheres that, like some kind of intriguing organisms, draw phosphorescent lines reminiscent of cave drawings or perhaps the secret writing of artist Cy Twombly.
In the last room, there are 25-30 balls with a light source inside. If you move them, they create light patterns on the floor. You create the landscape.
Presence is an invitation to break with the role of the civilized museum visitor and enter into a di erent relationship with the work by intervening.
Visitors change from spectators into makers and from makers into parts of the installa- tion that are subsequently looked at by other visitors.
“I wanted to create a place where you feel connected,” says Roosegaarde, “You make the work and the work makes you.”