On October 20, 2010 Gagosian Gallery opened in
Paris with an exhibition of Jean Prouvé’s
prefabricated architectural designs on the second
floor of the gallery.
Jean Prouvé (1901-1984) is widely acknowledged
as one of the twentieth century’s most
important and influential designers whose wide-
ranging oeuvre combined bold elegance
with economy of means and strong social
conscience. Working as a craftsman, designer,
manufacturer, architect, teacher, and engineer, his
career spanned more than sixty years,
during which time he produced prefabricated
houses, building components and façades,
as well as furniture for the home, office and school.
The exhibition focuses primarily on
Prouvé’s prefabricated structures of the late 1940s
and includes maquettes, plans, and
sections of them, as well as films. It attests to the
pivotal role that Prouvé played in the
development of cutting-edge technology and
modular systems for mass production in the
post-war modernist period.
Prouvé
trained as an artisan blacksmith and his intimate
knowledge of metal remained
the foundation of his work and career. Aware of the
limitations of ornamental and
wrought-iron work and keen to embrace the
modern movement, he moved on to steel and
aluminium, folding and arc-welding. In 1931 he
established the Atelier Jean Prouvé, where
he began to produce light-weight metal furniture of
his own design, as well as
collaborating with some of the best-known
designers of his time, including Le Corbusier
and Charlotte Perriand. Furniture production
became a core part of his business. He
favored the public sector in the growing areas of
health, education and administration,
which reflected a social ideal but also offered the
economies of scale. By 1936 he was
producing a catalogue of standard models for
hospitals, schools and offices. The potential
for mass production inspired Prouvé to develop and
patent industrial products using
folded sheet metal for the construction of buildings.
These included movable partitioning,
metal doors and elevator cages.
The onset of WWII and the age of austerity that
followed marked a period of enforced
experiment for Prouvé and in 1947 he moved his
operations to Maxéville, just outside
Nancy. With his own design studio, he could
combine research, prototype development
and production and at Maxéville he set about
fulfilling his ambitious plan to alter the
building process from a craft-based practice to that
of a mechanized industry, producing
not only houses, prefabricated huts, doors,
windows, roof elements and façade panels but
also a production line for furniture based on his
own designs. It was in this creative
environment that the prefabricated refugee houses
of 1945 were developed, followed by
the flat-packed, tropical houses for Niger and the
Republic of Congo in 1949 and 1950.
Larry Gagosian comments: “I greatly admire Jean
Prouvé and I am pleased to present his
groundbreaking work in collaboration with Patrick
Seguin, who has championed the work
of outstanding French post-war designers and
architects for more than twenty years. We
are delighted to be working with Patrick again, this
time as curator of the inaugural
exhibition for the project space of our new Paris
gallery.”
Galerie Patrick Seguin specializes in
twentieth century French design and architecture, in
particular Jean Prouvé, Charlotte Perriand, Le
Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, and Jean
Royère. In 2004, Seguin presented the works of
Charlotte Perriand and Jean Prouvé at
Gagosian Gallery in Los Angeles. In 2008 Gagosian
Gallery collaborated to present
Richard Prince’s sculptural assemblages at Galerie
Patrick Seguin in Paris.
Photo Mike
Bruce
Jean Prouvé exhibition at Gagosian Gallery in Paris
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- Elena Sommariva
- 02 November 2010