The diaspora of Cuban art in Madrid

Carlos Garaicoa, Wilfredo Prieto and Los Carpinteros are three Cuban artists who choose Madrid and Barcelona as the theater for their work.

One of the emerging elements of vitality of Madrid's art scene in recent years is the presence of some of the most important Cuban artists of the moment. This convergence is not random but rather it is linked to the diaspora that led many of them choose to Madrid or Barcelona as their city of adoption. Here, in fact, they are facilitated by cultural and linguistic proximity, the relative ease in obtaining immigration documents, and by these cities' welcoming natures and vital characters, despite the economic downturn. Among the most famous expatriates are Carlos Garaicoa, who has lived and worked for several years in Madrid, Los Carpinteros (Marco Castillo and Dagoberto Rodriguez) now based in Barcelona, and the younger Wilfredo Prieto, who moves between Barcelona and Havana. In the week of the contemporary art fair Arco all have been widely, and on multiple fronts, present in Madrid.

In the most interesting section of the show (the focus on Latin American artists), the Barbara Gross Gallery proposed, on tall white pedestals, a large number of Garaicoa's "sculptures" from the project Lo vijejo y lo Nuevo. They are small works made by cutting and placing vertically the edges of the facades of buildings depicted on ancient etchings. Behind the facades, Garaicoa models black volumes like shadows—abstract and linear shapes that project deeply into the facades themselves, but which only partially follow their contours. The flat line images are transformed into three-dimensional models, theaters suspended between a past, represented by nostalgic small facades, and the disturbing present made of jarring black shadows.

<i>Prêt-a-porter</i> by Carlos Garaicoa, center of the installation "Party! Not Tea Party" at Galería Elba Benítez. © Carlos Garaicoa Courtesy of the artist and Galería Elba Benítez. Photo Luis Asín.
Prêt-a-porter by Carlos Garaicoa, center of the installation "Party! Not Tea Party" at Galería Elba Benítez. © Carlos Garaicoa Courtesy of the artist and Galería Elba Benítez. Photo Luis Asín.
Carlos Garaicoa was also present at the Elba Benítez Gallery with a comprehensive solo exhibition entitled "Party! Not Tea Party," a series of recent unpublished works, containing an often sardonic commentary on the mechanisms underlying current political systems. The central installation, Prêt-à-porter, focuses on the theme of the hat intended as a formal and symbolic element; it is made of a large table on which are placed many old wooden hat forms and some milliner hats made of various elements, mostly drawn from reality. There are also photographs and newspaper clippings relating to political leaders. The hat, the quintessential symbolic accessory associated with power and official duties, is shown here in its recognizable form, but also in its interchangeability; the piece then alludes to the present dominated by rhetoric, stereotype and status symbol to the detriment of content.
Carlos Garaicoa, <i>Upside Down Fundamentalisms,</I> 2010. Shown by Gallery Barbara Gross, the work is part of <i>El viejo y el Nuevo</i>, small paper sculptures of religious symbols and incised contours of  building facades.
Carlos Garaicoa, Upside Down Fundamentalisms, 2010. Shown by Gallery Barbara Gross, the work is part of El viejo y el Nuevo, small paper sculptures of religious symbols and incised contours of building facades.
Finally, for the fifth consecutive year, Garaicoa has dedicated a week to an open studio for artists invited (by him) to exhibit. The small, but dense and intense, show has proven to be of great formal relevance. The intimacy of the studio, a former laboratory in Madrid, sits well with the chosen theme—drawings and the relationship between hand-done line work, video and artist books. The choice of pieces, the poetry of the whole, as well as the meticulous care and the idea of promoting the work of emerging artists—mostly Latin Americans—giving them space and setting aside others that are already known, captures a point of view that is inherently engaged, attentive, proactive, albeit critical, of the artists he assembled. The invited artists were: Alexandre Arrechea, Marlon Azambuja, Carlos Bunga, Loidys Carnero, Sandra Gamarra, Peter Greenaway, Jorge Macchi, Claude Mellon, Antoinette Nausikaa, Hans Op de Beeck, Nicolás Paris, Dan Perjovski, Jafis Quintero, Fernando Renes, Nicolás Robbio, Nedko Solakov, Ezequiel Suárez, Pascale Martine Tayou and Pablo Valbuena.

The convergence of Cuban artists in Spain is facilitated by cultural and linguistic proximity, the relative ease in obtaining immigration documents, and the welcoming nature and vital character of the cities.
Wilfredo Prieto, <i>Amarrado a la pata de la mesa</i>, 2011. Courtesy CA2M, Centro de Artes Dos de Mayo, Madrid.
Wilfredo Prieto, Amarrado a la pata de la mesa, 2011. Courtesy CA2M, Centro de Artes Dos de Mayo, Madrid.
On the outskirts of Madrid, the CA2M, Centro de Artes Dos de Mayo center proposed a personal show by Wilfredo Prieto (open until April 24). Prieto's work is characterized by a short narrative, the absence of superfluous elements, allusions to art history, semantic games. The show explores realized works in situ starting from linguistic games and everyday materials. "Ideas already exist in reality, like clouds. They can belong to those who see them," says Prieto. His aesthetic is minimalist, so essential that its actions may go unnoticed or interpreted as mere accidents. Biting persistence and subtlety coexist in his poetics. The objects he uses are modest, devoid of any aura and pathos. But whether it's an egg-shell turned into a source of light and wonder through the introduction of a light bulb, or a cube of marble and one of sugar displayed on a shelf as "two classic" works meticulously installed, they tend to be open to different interpretations with their sense of humor that manages to bring out their potential. Beyond the immediacy of the linguistic association in their conceptual conciseness, they become effective micro-allegories. Prieto's work is fun, but also critical and inherently subversive in relation to the structures of thought and vision and the reigning rhetoric of the world in which we live.
 Installation by Los Carpinteros commissioned by the daily <i>El Pais</i>. Courtesy of Ivorypress & Los Carpinteros.
Installation by Los Carpinteros commissioned by the daily El Pais. Courtesy of Ivorypress & Los Carpinteros.
Also present in Madrid are Los Carpinteros, whose work consists of sculptures, installations and watercolors. Founded in Cuba in the early 1990s by Marco Castillo, Dagoberto Rodriguez and Alexandre Arrechea (who now works alone), the team began exploring traditional notions of architecture and design and the space and function of things with a biting sense of humor. Their early work in a cultural context marked by recession has led them to use recycled materials, especially wood, and to transform them with crafts techniques. Hence, the name Los Carpinteros (carpenters) takes on an anti-rhetorical and ironic intent regarding questions of authorship and artistic aura of a piece in relation to its status as artifact. Furniture, objects, materials and construction tools, the relationship, or its discrepancy, between tool and function, between art and everyday life, including usability and uselessness, are among their subjects, together with attention to urban fabric and its contradictions.
In addition to their presence at Arco with a beautiful installation commissioned by El Pais, one of their "explosions", or environments in which an explosion seems to have taken place, literally sending everything into the air, Los Carpinteros has just presented by Ivory Press in a magnificent recently published monograph, Los Carpinteros handwork: Constructing the World. It is a book of drawings, watercolors and documentation of their installations, objects revisited, the explosions themselves, like the lighthouse, still functioning, but overturned on the ground, as if it had just been toppled. A work of clear significance, if you think that was built in 2005 in Cuba, the island territory that, at that time, was affected by political upheaval that seemed to be definitive. Los Carpinteros consider it to be their most political work. The book is sold together with a multiple—a pair of flip-flops. Inspiring the idea of adopting this form of footwear, which is typical of the tropical area, is the saying that you can't really understand the experience of others until you have walked in their shoes. The plan of Havana is engraved on the flip-flops, another invitation to experience art in practice, to grasp its germinating heart, literally approaching the context that inspired it.

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