Charlotte Perriand (1903–1999) was one of the
most innovative interior architects and furniture
designers of the 20th century. The Museum für
Gestaltung Zürich presents a wide-ranging
overview of works by this major protagonist of
Modernism – a movement which strove not just for
innovations in form, but the same time for the
improvement of social conditions and quality of life.
The Designer
Charlotte Perriand’s long and multifaceted career
spans much of the modernist period in France.
Aged just 24, and soon after completing her studies
at the École de l’Union centrale des arts dé-
coratifs, Perriand achieved international recognition
as a studio partner of Le Corbusier and Pierre
Jeanneret when she developed designs for tubular
steel furniture including the “Chaise longue
basculante” (1928). In the 1930s, Charlotte
Perriand turned toward wood as a natural material,
deriving free forms from it. This conjunction of an
interest in material and in form – which resulted
in designs for shelving, tables, armchairs, and
stackable plywood chairs – remained a preoccupa-
tion well into the 1950s. Numerous furniture
designs by Charlotte Perriand have remained in
production. Exhibition visitors will be able to try out
more than a dozen different models currently in
production by the firm of Cassina, thereby
acquiring a direct sense of their qualities.
The Photographer and Activist
Beginning in the early 1930s, the medium of
photography, pursued by Perriand in a radically
modernist mode, began to provide important
impulses for her work as a whole. Produced now
were grandiose arrangements of magical found
objects along shorelines or at scrapyards.
Perriand shared an interest in the poetic aspect of
so-called “Art Brut” with Pierre Jeanneret and
Fernand Léger, with whom she worked repeatedly
during this period.
But Perriand also employed the photographic
medium for large-format photographic-text collages
which she realized for exhibitions. In 1936, at the
Paris Salon des arts ménagers, she showed a
didactically convincing juxtaposition: on the one
hand, a large ensemble measuring 3 x 15 m
entitled “La Grande Misère de Paris,” which dealt
with the precarious life circumstances facing
many residents in the French metropolis. On the
other, a display of well-priced furniture designs
for private residences. A year later, in 1937, she
collaborated with Fernand Léger to design the
pavilion for the French Ministry of Agriculture at the
Paris World’s Fair. In such powerful ensem-
bles, she united her own photographs with those by
other artists to shape pleas addressing
societal concerns.
Essential portions of these ephemeral works will be
reconstructed especially for this exhibition.
Moreover on view will be numerous works which
have never been seen before, in particular those
drawn from the estate of Charlotte Perriand in
Paris, whose wealth of holdings have been made
available for the first time without restriction in the
context of a public exhibition. Special attention
is devoted to the themes “landscape” and
“architecture” as well as to the “condition
humaine,” to the situations of less privileged
individuals in both urban and rural settings. In
addition, portraits of
Perriand produced by photographer friends provide
intimate perspectives of her own life.
The richly faceted work and career trajectory of
Charlotte Perriand, who founded her own studio in
1937, represents an early and remarkable instance
of the role of women in the field of design
during the past century. This exhibition showing
circa 350 exhibits provides a long overdue oppor-
tunity to rediscover this important and pioneering
figure: as a furniture designer, as a photogra-
pher, and as a socially committed woman.
The exhibition “Charlotte Perriand” is a co-
production of the Museum für Gestaltung Zürich and
the Petit Palais – Musée des Beaux-Arts de la Ville
de Paris, as well as the Musée Nicéphore
Niépce in Chalon-sur-Saône, which specializes in
photography. After its initial presentation in
Zürich, the exhibition will be on view in spring 2011
resp. end of 2011/beginning 2012 at both of
these French institutions.
Charlotte Perriand: Designer, Photographer, Activist
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- Elena Sommariva
- 09 August 2010